Combining consonants in Marathi मराठी जोडाक्षरे

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In previous chapters we have learned pronunciation of Marathi alphabets. In this lesson let's learn combining consonants in Marathi.  

Like in any language, two or more consonants can be combined and pronounced together in Marathi.

e.g. In English word "fact" consonants "c" and "t" and pronounced together 

In English word "Alp" consonants "l" and "p" and pronounced together 

In English word "plethora" consonants "p" and "l" and pronounced together 

In English we just write consonants one after other and by to indicate their combination. 

But in Marathi we do not just write symbols one after other. There is little change done in symbol of first consonant which is to be pronounced half.

So consonant symbol is also written half. So it is important to learn Marathi writing system for such combined sounds. 

Half symbol(s) + full symbol is called जोडाक्षर (joDAkShar)

For each symbol its corresponding "half" is predefined. I have grouped consonants depending on their logic to create "half" symbol 

Group 1) For those symbol having vertical in them. Their half-symbol is created by omitting vertical line

Full Symbol	Half symbol	Example combining व (v) to half symbol
ख(kh)	ख्‍	ख्‍व
ग(g)	ग्‍	ग्‍व
घ(gh)	घ्‍	घ्‍व
च(ch)	च्‍	च्‍व
ज(j)	ज्‍	ज्‍व
झ(jh)	झ्‍	झ्‍व
ण(N)	ण्‍	ण्‍व
त(t)	त्‍	त्‍व
थ(th)	थ्‍	थ्‍व
ब(b)	ब्‍	ब्‍व
भ(bh)	भ्‍	भ्‍व
म(m)	म्‍	म्‍व
य(y)	य्‍	य्‍व
ल(l)	ल्‍	ल्‍व
व(v)	व्‍	व्‍व
श(sh)	श्‍ or	श्‍व or
ष(Sh)	ष्‍	ष्‍व
स(s)	स्‍	स्‍व
क्ष(kSh)	क्ष्‍	क्ष्‍व
ज्ञ(dny)	ज्ञ्‍	ज्ञ्‍व

Group 2) Half sound is denoted by giving slanting line below consonant

Full Symbol	Half symbol	Example combining व (v) to half symbol
ट(T)	ट्‍	ट्‍व
ठ(Th)	ठ्‍	ठ्‍व
ड(D)	ड्‍	ड्‍व
ढ(Dh)	ढ्‍	ढ्‍व
छ(Ch)	छ्‌	छ्‌व

Group 3) symbol ळ(L).

Small vertical line in ळ is removed to make half-symbol 

ळ्‍

examples:-

ळ्‍क

ळ्‍ब

ळ्‍व

Group 4) Symbol क(k)

The right side curve is written half and connected together with next symbol

क्‍
Examples :- 
क्व
क्प
क्ल

क्न

Group 5) Irregular or multiple half-symbols depending on other consonant

र(r) and ह(h) have irregular or multiple half-symbols depending on other consonant.

We will learn them separately in next chapter.
https://kaushiklele-learnmarathi.blogspot.com/2012/05/combining-consonants-with-r-part-2.html
https://kaushiklele-learnmarathi.blogspot.com/2012/05/combining-consonants-with-h-part-3.html