Simple Past Tense in Marathi - Part 2 (Verbs with object)

***************************************************************
Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
***************************************************************

Please use my new website 

http://LearnMarathiWithKaushik.com

All lessons from this blog and more are available there

We learnt the simple past tense for verbs without noun/object.

Now let us learn other type.

RULE FOR FORMING VERB :- 

Verb is formed as per gender and singular/Plural of object.

Example 1)

Consider past tense example “I read letter”.

Here letter is noun/object.

So in Marathi the verb “read” i.e “वाच (vAch) will be formed according to “letter”

Letter is third person singular non-gender ( i.e similar to “it” )

If you refer previous chart, suffix for “it” in Simple Past tense is ले ( le )

So verb + suffix -> “वाच” (vAch) + “ले” ( le ) --> वाचले ( vAchale )

Example 2) “I opened box”

Object is “Box” which is masculine i.e. similar to “he”

So If you refer previous chart, suffix for “he” in Simple Past tense is ला ( lA )

So verb + suffix -> “उघड” (ughaD)  + “ला” ( lA )   -->  उघडला (ughaDalA)

Example 3) "I opened boxes"

Object is “Boxes” which is masculine plural i.e. similar to “They(plural of he”

So If you refer previous chart, suffix for “ They(plural of he)” in Simple Past tense is ले ( le )

So verb + suffix -> “उघड” (ughaD)  + "ले" ( le )    -->  उघडले (ughaDale)

So remember suffixes follow the आ-ई-ए-ए-या-ई (A-I-e-e-yA-I) pattern, so they are ला-ली-ले-ले-ल्या-ली (lA-lI-le-le-lyA-lI)

e.g. उघडला-उघडली-उघडले-उघडले-उघडल्या-उघडली (ughaDalA-ughaDalI-ughaDale-ughaDale-ughaDalyA-ughaDalI)

RULE FOR FORMS of SUBJECT(doer of action)

1) For I, We, you there is no change.

2) For “he” in sentence we will use त्याने ( tyAne )

3) For “she” in sentence we will use तीने ( tIne )

4) For “It” in sentence we will use त्याने ( tyAne )

5) For They in sentence we will use त्यांनी ( tyAMnI )

6) For other pronouns/proper nouns we will suffix ने (ne) to the samanyroop form

e.g. Peter opened box. Then in sentence we will use “Peter” + ने (ne) => पीटरने (pITarane)

Harry opened box. Then in sentence we will use “Harry” + ने (ne) => हॅरीने (h~arIne)
Monkey opened box.  Then in sentence we will use “माकडा"(mAkaDA) + ने (ne) => माकडाने (mAkaDAne)
Because samanyroop form of noun माकड(mAkaD) is माकडा (mAkaDA)

7) In plural नी ( nI ) is suffixed to the samanyroop form for plural of pronoun/noun

E.g. Cars made noise.  Cars is गाड्या ( gADyA ). Its samanyroop form is गाड्यां(gADyAM)

So in simple past tense sentence we will use गाड्यां(gADyAM)+नी( nI )  --> गाड्यांनी (gADyAMnI)

All watched cinema.
All = सगळे (sagaLe) Its samanyroop form is  सगळ्यां (sagaLyAM). So in  past tense sentence we will use  सगळ्यां (sagaLyAM) +नी( nI )  --> सगळ्यांनी (sagaLyAMnI)

Below has this details in tabular format :-  

Pronoun in English	Pronoun in Marathi	Form of Subjective in past tense	Transliteration
I (male)	मी	मी	mI
I (female)	मी	मी	mI
we	आम्ही	आम्ही	AmhI
we ( listener including)	आपण	आपण	AmhI
You (singular male)	तू	तू	tU
You (singular female)	तू	तू	tU
You (plural)	तुम्ही	तुम्ही	tumhI
He / That (m.) / This (m.)	तो / तो /  हा	त्याने ह्याने	tyAne hyAne
She / That (f.)/ This (f.)	ती / ती / ही	तीने हिने	tIne hine
It / That(n.) / This (n.)	ते / ते /  हे	त्याने ह्याने	tyAne hyAne
They (Plural of He)  /Those (m.) /These (m.)	ते / ते /  हे	त्यांनी ह्यांनी	tyAMnI hyAMnI
They (Plural of She) / Those (f.) / These (f.)	त्या / त्या /  ह्या	त्यांनी ह्यांनी	tyAMnI hyAMnI
They (Plural of it) / Those (n.) / These (n.)	ती / ती /  ही	त्यांनी ह्यांनी	tyAMnI hyAMnI

Sentence formation will be

Form of Subjective          Object        Verb+Suffix as per object

मी ( mI )                          पत्र (patra  )    “वाच” (vAch)  + “ले” ( le )  à वाचले ( vAchale )

I read letter --> मी पत्र वाचले

Subjective          object        Verb+Suffix as per object

त्याने (tyAne)         खोका (khokA)    “उघड” (ughaD)  + “ला” ( lA )  à उघडला (ughaDalA)

He opened box --> त्याने खोका उघडला

Examples  :-

I painted picture             मी चित्र रंगवले ( mI chitra raMgavale )

I ate maggi                     मी मॅगी खाल्ली (mI m~agI khAllI )

They told story               त्यांनी गोष्ट सांगितली (tyAMnI goShTa sAMgitalI

She opened door            तीने दरवाजा उघडला (tIne daravAjA ughaDalA)

We waved flags              आम्ही झेंडे हलवले (AmhI jheMDe halavale)

When creating sentences for "You(Singular)" extra स(s) is appended to verb form.
When creating sentences for "You(Plural)" extra त(t) is appended to verb form.

Examples :-

I painted picture मी चित्र रंगवले ( mI chitra raMgavale )
You(singu.) painted picture तू चित्र रंगवलेस ( tU chitra raMgavales )
You(plu.) painted picture तुम्ही चित्र रंगवलेत ( tumhI chitra raMgavalet )

I ate maggi मी मॅगी खाल्ली (mI m~agI khAllI )
You(singu.) ate maggi तू मॅगी खाल्लीस (tU m~agI khAllIs )
You(plu.) ate maggi तुम्ही मॅगी खाल्लीत (tumhI m~agI khAllIt )

They told story त्यांनी गोष्ट सांगितली (tyAMnI goShTa sAMgitalI)
You(singu.) told story तू गोष्ट सांगितलीस (tU goShTa sAMgitalIs)
You(plu.) told story तुम्ही गोष्ट सांगितलीत (tumhI goShTa sAMgitalIt)

Listen examples online at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dPrPvE2G16E

When person or living thing as object are treated slightly different. They are discussed separately in other lesson
http://kaushiklele-learnmarathi.blogspot.in/2013/05/sentences-with-person-or-living-things.html

Exercise: Try creating sentences with different verbs using above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same by “verb forms” feature on http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/

***************************************************************
Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
***************************************************************