Which-That / What-That sentences

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From title it might not be clear what am I going to teach in this article. Example will make it clear what I mean by this title.

Take this sentence :-

1) I could not understand what you just said.

2) Which fruit you want, point your finger to that

3) When you come I feel happy

4) what is in your mind, tell me that.

Here we used words “what”,” Which”,”When”,”what”. These are words used for WH-questions. But here they are not exactly used for questions. 

Here seneteces have two parts “condition” and "post-condition”. WH-question words are used to specify “condition” part.

It is analogous to “if-then” sentences.

We have already seen synonyms for WH-questions in Marathi. So you will be able to use these words and translate above sentences.

e.g.

1) I could not understand what you just said.

तू आत्ता काय म्हणालास ते मला कळले नाही (tU AttA kAy mhaNAlAs te malA kaLale nAhI )

2) Which fruit you want, show me that.

तुला कोणते फळ हवे आहे ते मला दाखव (tulA koNate phaL have Ahe te malA dAkhav)

But there is other form of creating such sentences. They are using pairs :- जो-तो, जी-ती, जे-ते (jo-to, jI-tI, je-te) etc.

So when we are using “तो” in post-condition part we will use its companion viz. “जो” in condition part.

So when we are using “ते” in post-condition part we will use its companion viz. “जे” in condition part.

etc.

e.g.

1) I could not understand what you just said.

तू आत्ता जे म्हणालास ते मला कळले नाही (tU AttA je mhaNAlAs te malA kaLale nAhI )

Below I have listed such pairs

Pronoun/word in English	Prnoun in Marathi	Its companion in “condition Marathi
He / That (m.) / This (m.)	तो / तो / हा	जो (jo)
She / That (f.)/ This (f.)	ती / ती / ही	जी  (jI)
It / That(n.) / This (n.)	ते / ते / हे	जे (je)
They (Plural of He)  /Those (m.) /These (m.)	ते / ते / हे	जे (je)
They (Plural of She) / Those (f.) / These (f.)	त्या / त्या / ह्या	ज्या (jyA)
They (Plural of it) / Those (n.) / These (n.)	ती / ती / ही	जी (jI)
that time	तेव्हा (tevhA)	जेव्हा  (jevhA)
this way that way	असा (asA ) तसा (tasA)	जसा (jasA )
This many That many	इतके (itake) तितके (titake)	जितके (jitake)
this much that much	एवढे (evaDhe) तेवढे (tevaDhe)	जेवढे (jevaDhe)
Here there	इथे (ithe) तिथे (tithe)	जिथे (jithe)

Examples :- 
1) I could not understand what you just said.

तू आत्ता जे म्हणालास ते मला कळले नाही (tU AttA je mhaNAlAs te malA kaLale nAhI )

2) When you come I feel happy

तू जेव्हा येतोस तेव्हा मला आनंद वाटतो (tU jevhA yetos tevhA malA AnaMda vATato)

3) what is in your mind, tell me that.

तुझ्या मनात जे आहे, ते मला सांग(tujhyA manAt je Ahe, te malA sAMg)

4)Which fruit you want, show me that.

तुला जे फळ हवे आहे ते मला दाखव (tulA je phaL have Ahe te malA dAkhav

)

5) When you(girl) come I feel happy
तू जेव्हा येतेस तेव्हा मला आनंद वाटतो (tU jevhA yetes tevhA malA AnaMda vATato)

6) Go back, the way you have come

तू जसा आलास तसा परत जा (tU jasA AlAs tasA parat jA)

The form of “companion” will be created similar to main word using rules we have been studying in many previous articles like prepositions.

e.g.

to whom -> त्याला - ज्याला (tyAlA – jyAlA )

with whom -> त्याच्याबरोबर -  ज्याच्याबरोबर (tyAchyAbarobar jyAchyAbarobar )

for whom (plural) -> त्यांच्यासाठी – ज्यांच्यासाठी (tyAMchyAsAThI  jyAMchyAsAThI)

Sentences :-

1) Give it to him, who wants it

ज्याला हवे आहे त्याला दे (jyAlA have Ahe tyAlA de)

2) tell me about them whom you read about :-

ज्यांच्याबद्दल तू वाचलेस त्यांच्याबद्दल मला सांग (jyAMchyAbaddal tU vAchales tyAMchyAbaddal malA sAMg)

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Sometimes we use words “wherever”, “whenever”,”whichever” e.g.

Wherever you go I will come.

Whichever menu food like, you order it.

In Marathi, repeating the companioun word will give the effect of “-ever” in English

e.g.

Whichever (for neutral):-  जे  जे 

Whichever (for feminine):-   जी जी

Wherever :- जिथे जिथे

Sentence example :-

1) Wherever you will go I will come :-  तू जिथे जिथे जाशील तिथे तिथे मी येईन

(tU jithe jithe jAshIl tithe tithe mI yeIn)

2) Whichever vegetables you want, you buy it :- तुला जी जी भाजी हवी आहे ती ती तू विकत घे  (tulA jI jI bhAjI havI Ahe tI tI tU vikat ghe)

3) Whenever you call he will answer :- तू जेव्हा जेव्हा फोन करशील तेव्हा तेव्हा तो उत्तर देईल

(tU jevhA jevhA phon karashIl tevhA tevhA to uttar deIl)

Listen Examples Online at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kG-kpUFwl8

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Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.

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