Using verb "To Know"

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To know in Marathi is “माहीत असणे”( mAhIt asaNe ).

Consider sentence “I know your name”. This can also be said as “Your name is known to me”.

Marathi sentence formation is some what similar to this second way.

And as expected verb “माहीत असणे” will be formed as per gender and multiplicity of object. 

Sentence structure is

Form of noun/pronoun like “to me”, “to him”	object	माहीत (mAhIt )	form of “असणे” (asaNe) as per object. If object is not present then Neuter-singular form
मला(malA)	नाव(nAv)	माहीत (mAhIt )	आहे (Ahe)

Your name known to me -> तुझे नाव मला माहीत आहे (tujhe nAv malA mAhIt Ahe)

She knows his address -> तीला त्याचा पत्ता माहीत आहे (tIlA tyAchA pattA mAhIt Ahe)

She knew his address ->  तीला त्याचा पत्ता माहीत होता (tIlA tyAchA pattA mAhIt hotA)

Do you know it ? -> तुला हे माहीत आहे का ? (tulA he mAhIt Ahe kA ?)

Did she know that ? तीला हे माहीत होते का ? (tIlA he mAhIt hote kA ?)

Negative sentences :- 
Your name is not known to me -> तुझे नाव मला माहीत नाही (tujhe nAv malA mAhIt nAhI)

She does not know his address -> तीला त्याचा पत्ता माहीत नाही  (tIlA tyAchA pattA mAhIt nAhI)

She did not know his address ->  तीला त्याचा पत्ता माहीत नव्हता ((tIlA tyAchA pattA mAhIt navhatA)

Don't you know it ? -> तुला हे माहीत नाही  का ? (tulA he mAhIt nAhI kA ?)

Didn't she know that ? तीला हे माहीत नव्हते का ? (tIlA he mAhIt navhate kA ?)

There is another usage of “To know” in English.

Consider sentences :- 

I know swimming.

I know Japanese.

I know cooking.

Do you know playing cricket ?

Here “know” is used to indicate ability to carry out some task/art etc.

In such type of sentence in Marathi we wil use verb “येणे” (yeNe) instead of  “माहीत असणे”( mAhIt asaNe ).

Sentence structure is

Form of noun/pronoun like “to me”, “to him”	object	verb+ ता (tA)	form of “येणे” (yeNe) as per object. If object is not present then Neuter-singular form
मला	केक	खाता	येतो

Examples :-

I know eating cake :-  मला केक खाता येतो (malA kek khAtA yeto)

I know swimming :-  मला पोहता येते ( malA pohatA yete)

I know Japanese   :- मला जपानी येते  (malA japAnI yete)

I know cooking    :- मला जेवण बनवता येते  (malA jevaN banavatA yete)

Do you know playing cricket ?  :- तुला क्रिकेट खेळता येते का ? (tulA krikeT kheLatA yete kA ?)

I know killing  mosquitoes :- मला डास मारता येतात  (malA DAs mAratA yetAt)

Consider statement in past tense “She knew dancing before”. This something like saying “She used to know dancing before”.  Marathi form is closer to this way of saying

She used to know dancing before :- तीला पूर्वी नाचता यायचे  (tIlA poorvI nAchatA yAyache)

They knew talking :- त्यांना बोलता यायचे (tyAMnA bolatA yAyache)

He learnt. So he could speak Japanese :- तो शिकला. म्हणून त्याला जपानी बोलता आले (to shikalA. mhaNUn tyAlA japAnI bolatA Ale)

Negative sentences :-

I do not know eating cake :-  मला केक खाता येत नाही  (malA kek khAtA yet nAhI )

I do not know swimming :-  मला पोहता येत नाही  ( malA pohatA yet nAhI )

I do not know Japanese   :- मला जपानी येत नाही   (malA japAnI yet nAhI )

She did not know dancing before :- तीला पूर्वी नाचता यायचे नाही (tIlA poorvI nAchatA yAyache nAhI)

They did not know talking :- त्यांना बोलता यायचे नाही(tyAMnA bolatA yAyache nAhI)

He did not learn. So he could not speak Japanese :- तो शिकला नाही. म्हणून त्याला जपानी बोलता आले नाही(to shikalA nAhI. mhaNUn tyAlA japAnI bolatA Ale nAhI)

Using "To know" for some person.

We say "I know Mr. Ram","He knows me" etc.

So when you are referring to some person, then you will use Marathi ओळखणे(oLakhaNe).  
Preposition "To" is used with person who is referred.
Verb form is created as per subject/doer of action.
e.g.
I(boy) know you -> मी तुला ओळखतो  ( mI tulA oLakhato )
I(girl) know you -> मी तुला ओळखते  ( mI tulA oLakhate ) 
You know me -> तू मला ओळखतोस ( tU malA oLakhatos  )

He knows Mr. Ram :- तो श्री. राम ना ओळखतो  (to shrI. rAma nA oLakhato )

Listen examples in this lesson at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bP6LBT7hlGE

Exercise: Try creating sentences with different verbs using above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same by “verb forms” feature on http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/

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Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
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