Basic questions and "WH" questions in Marathi

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Basic questions :-

Consider sentences  :-

Do you go ?

Did he go ?

Will she speak ?

Was he dancing ?

These are all basic questions in English. In Marathi basic questions can be formed by adding का (kA).

i.e. by appending का (kA) to an statement it will be converted to question.

He goes -> Does he go

तो जातो (to jAto) -> तो जातो का  ? ( to jAto kA ?)

She went -> did she go ?

ती गेली (tI gelI )  -> ती गेली का ? (tI gelI kA)

They will go -> will they go ?

ते जातील (te jAtIl)  -> ते जातील का ? (te jAtIl kA)

Such questions can also be asked buy using same sentence but just changing tone. In English as well we do it some times.
e.g You are coming -> You coming ??
तू येतो आहेस (tU yeto Ahes )

You told him secret --> You told him secret ??
तू त्याला रहस्य सांगितलेस (tU tyAlA rahasy sAMgitales ) 

Listen explanation about change in tone here
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6op3280lpZg 

WH Questions :- 

Refer table below for words in Marathi for Wh questions

Wh question in English	Word in Marathi	सामान्यरूप(sAmAnyarUp) of WH-word.
Who	कोण(koN)	कोणा(koNA)
When	कधी/ केव्हा(kadhI / kevhA)	कधी/केव्हा(kadhI/kevhA)
Where	कुठे(kuThe)	कुठ(kuTha)
Why	का(kA)	-
What	काय(kAy)	कशा(kashA)
How many	किती(kitI)	कितीं(kitIM)
How	कसा कशी कसे कसे कश्या कशी (kasA kashI kase kase kashyA kashI)	-
Which	कुठला कुठली कुठले कुठले कुठल्या कुठली() (kuThalA kuThalI kuThale kuThale kuThalyA kuThalI)	कुठल्या(kuThalyA)
Which	कोणता कोणती कोणते कोणते कोणत्या कोणती ( koNatA koNatI koNate koNate koNatyA koNatI)	कोणत्या(koNatyA)

In the above table "Who"; "When"; "Where" ; "Why" ; "What" ; “How many” seems simple as there is only one word in Marathi corresponding to each.

So let us first attack “How” and “which”

As we had seens in last section “My/His/Her” that depending on gender and multiplicity the form changes. Same logic applies here.

Depending on the gender and multiplicity of objective of question the  form is decided.

e.g. “How is he ?”  Here objective is “he” i.e. masculine-singular. So कसा will be used.

“How are they (plural of he)” Here objective is “They (plural of he)” i.e. masculine-plural  So कसे will be used

“How are those girls?”  Here objective is “Those” i.e. feminine-plural  So कश्या will be used

Similarly for “which” depending on the gender and multiplicity objective of question the form is decided. Also for "which" there are two options. Form of कुठला and forms of कोणता . Either of them can be used interchangeably.

e.g.

“Which boy” Here objective is “boy” i.e. masculine-singular. So कुठला/ कोणता will be used.

“which trees” Here objective is “trees” i.e. neuter-plural. So कुठली / कोणती will be used.

Let us take full sentence example.

General structure is :-

Subject/Doer of action       question word          verb

Examples for other WH questions

When will you come ? -->  तू कधी/केव्हा येशील ?  (tU kadhI/kevhA yeshIl ?  )

Where do you live ? --> तू कुठे राहतोस ?  (  tU kuThe rAhatos ? )

Why did you speak ? --> तू का बोललास ? (  tU kA bolalAs ? )

What is your name ?--> तुझे नाव काय ?  (  tujhe nAv kAy ? )

How many girls spoke  ?  -->  किती मुली बोलल्या ?  (kitI mulI bolalyA ? )

Listen examples in this lesson at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqqOECaJx08

Prepositions with WH-questions. 
Prepositions can be used with WH-question words. And like nouns, the preposition is added to the  सामान्यरूप(sAmAnyarUp) of WH-word.
Propositions is not logically used with "How" , "why" related words.
सामान्यरूप(sAmAnyarUp) of  काय(kAy) is quite different.

Examples :- 
Because of whom -> कोणामुळे (koNAmuLe )
From when -> कधीपासून (kadhIpAsUn)
For what -> कशासाठी  (kashAsAThI )
After what -> कशानंतर (kashAnaMtar)
For which boy -> कुठल्या मुलासाठी  (kuThalyA mulAsAThI )

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Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
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