Negative Sentences - Past tense in Marathi

***************************************************************
Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
***************************************************************
Please use my new website 
All lessons from this blog and more are available there


Simple Past Tense
You already know how to create positive sentence in Simple past tense
Just add “नाही “(nAhI)/ नाहीस (nAhIs ) / नाहीत (nAhIt ) at the end of sentence to make it negative.

The form of नाही “(nAhI) is decided as per subjective/doer of action.

Pronoun in English
Pronoun in Marathi
Form of
नाही “ (nAhI)/
I
मी



नाही “ (nAhI)/

we
आम्ही
we ( listenr including)
आपण
He / That (male)
तो
She /That (female)
ती
It /That (neuter)
ते
This(Male)
हा
This(Female)
ही
This(neuter)
हे
They (Plural of He) /Those (m.)
ते

नाहीत
(nAhIt )

They (Plural of She) /Those(f.)
त्या
They (Plural of it) /Those (n.)
ती
These (male)
हे
These (female)
ह्या
These (neuter)
ही
You (plural)
तुम्ही
You (singular)
तू
नाहीस (nAhIs)

Examples:-
I (male) spoke.             -> I did not speak
मी बोललो(mI bolalo)            मी बोललो नाही(mI bolalo nAhI) 
I (female) danced.        -> I did not dance
मी नाचले(mI nAchale)                  मी नाचले नाही(mI nAchale nAhI)
We smiled.                    -> We did not smile
आम्ही/आपण हसलो(AmhI/ApaN hasalo)   आम्ही/आपण हसलो नाही(AmhI/ApaN hasalo nAhI)

He moved.                      -> He did not move
तो हलला(to halalA)                 तो हलला नाही(to halalA nAhI)
She shouted.                    -> She did not shout
ती ओरडली(tI oraDalI)               ती ओरडली नाही(tI oraDalI nAhI)
It turned.                           -> It did not turn
ते वळले(te vaLale)                ते वळले नाही(te vaLale nAhI)
They spoke                          -> They did not speak
ते बोलले(te bolale)                 -> ते बोलले नाहीत(te bolale nAhIt)
They(plural of he) met.    -> They did not meat
ते भेटले(te bheTale)                  ते भेटले नाहीत(te bheTale nAhIt)


You (male) sat.              -> You did not sit
तू बसलास(tU basalAs)                 तू बसला नाहीस(tU basalA nAhIs)
You (female) sat.            -> You did not sit
तू बसलीस(tU basalIs)                तू बसली नाहीस(tU basalI nAhIs)
Notice for You (singular) नाहीस (nAhIs) is added And ending स(s) of verb  (here “बसलास ) is omitted.


You (Plural) walked          -> You did not walk
तुम्ही चाललात(tumhI chAlalAt)      तुम्ही चालला नाहीत(tumhI chAlalA nAhIt)
Notice for You (plural) नाहीत (nAhIt) is added. And ending त (t) of verb  ( here “चाललात” ) is omitted.


Past continuous Tense
To make a positive sentence in Past continuous tense negative, न(n) is added before the form of असणे(asaNe)
e.g. I was speaking -> मी बोलत होतो(mI bolat hoto)

I was not speaking  -> मी बोलत न होतो(mI bolat n hoto)

But it is peculiar to note that “ होतो is combined and pronounced as नव्हतो ( navhato )
Similarly होते (n hote) is combined and pronounced as नव्हते (navhate)

Below table summarizes it.

Pronoun in English
Pronoun
in
Marathi
Suffix for
common
verbs in
Past Continuous
न(n) followed by Form of
असणे(asaNe) in Marathi in Simple Past Tense
DO NOT USE it
Combined
suffix for
negative sentence in Simple Past Tense
USE it
Transliteration
I (male)
मी






(t)

होतो
नव्हतो

navhato

I (female)
मी
होते
नव्हते
navhate
we
आम्ही
होतो
नव्हतो
navhato
we ( listener including)
आपण
होतो
नव्हतो
navhato
You (singular male)
तू
होतास
नव्हतास
navhatAs
You (singular female)
तू
होतीस
नव्हतीस
navhatIs
You (plural)
तुम्ही
होता
नव्हता

navhatA
He / That (m.) / This (m.)  
तो / तो / हा
होता
नव्हता  

navhatA
She / That (f.)/ This (f.) 
ती / ती / ही
होती
नव्हती
navhatI
It / That(n.) / This (n.)
ते / ते / हे
होते
नव्हते
navhate
They (Plural of He)  /Those (m.) /These (m.)
ते / ते / हे
होते
नव्हते
navhate
They (Plural of She) / Those (f.) / These (f.) 
त्या / त्या / ह्या
होत्या
नव्हत्या
navhatyA
They (Plural of it) / Those (n.) / These (n.)
ती / ती / ही
होती
नव्हती
navhatI

 Examples
I (male) was doing.      
मी करत होतो(mI karat hoto)
I (male) was not doing.            
मी करत नव्हतो(mI karat navhato)
They(Plural of She) were dancing.
त्या नाचत होत्या(tyA nAchat hotyA)
They(Plural of She) were not dancing.
त्या नाचत नव्हत्या
(tyA nAchat navhatyA)
They(Plural of he) were dancing.
ते नाचत होते(te nAchat hote)

They(Plural of he) were not dancing.
ते नाचत नव्हते(te nAchat navhate)

It was moving.
ते हलत होते(te halat hote)
           
It was not moving.
ते हलत नव्हते(te halat navhate)
           
They(Plural of it) were speaking.
ती बोलत होती(tI bolat hotI)

They(Plural of it) were not speaking
ती बोलत नव्हती(tI bolat navhatI)
           
He was moving.           
तो चालत होता(to chAlat hotA)
He was not moving.
तो चालत नव्हता(to chAlat navhatA)


Past perfect tense
Logic for Negative sentence in past perfect is same as Past continuous.
i.e.  न(n) is added before the form of असणे(asaNe)
e.g.
I had spoken  -> मी बोललो होतो(mI bolalo hoto)
I had not speken -> मी बोललो न होतो (mI bolalo n hoto )
in this TENSE ALSO  “ होतो is combined and pronounced as नव्हतो ( navhato ) as seen before

So we will directly go to some examples :-
I (male) had done (it)        
मी केले होते(mI kele hote)
I (male) had not done (it).            
मी केले नव्हते(mI kele navhate)
They(Plural of She) had danced
त्या नाचल्या होत्या(tyA nAchalyA hotyA)
They(Plural of She) had not danced.
त्या नाचल्या नव्हत्या
(tyA nAchalyA navhatyA)
They(Plural of he) had danced.
ते नाचले होते(te nAchale hote)
They(Plural of he) had not danced
ते नाचले नव्हते(te nAchale navhate)
You (female) had danced
तू नाचली होतीस(tU nAchalI hotIs)
You (female) had not danced
तू नाचली नव्हतीस
(tU nAchalI navhatIs)
She had opened door
तीने दरवाजा उघडला होता
(tIne daravAjA ughaDalA hotA)
She had not opened door
तीने दरवाजा उघडला नव्हता
(tIne daravAjA ughaDalA navhatA)  

Listen examples in this lesson at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aS1gKWc3pk0





Exercise: Try creating sentences with different verbs using above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same by “verb forms” feature on http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/


***************************************************************
Note :-  Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Marathi. Learn Marathi grammar and many aspects Marathi language online.
***************************************************************

Comments

  1. Hi Lele Sir,

    Please notice below sentence..

    I (male) had done
    मी केले होते(mI kele hote)

    I (male) had not done.
    मी केले नव्हते(mI kele navhate)

    I think it is correct for female and not for male.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. In past tense the verb is formed according to gender and multiplicity of "karm" object. Here "karm" is not present so it is assumed to be neuter singular.
      Hence verb form is "केले होते/नव्हते".
      It will be same for all subject

      I/you/he/she/they had not done ->मी/तू/त्याने/तीने/त्यांनी केले होते(mI kele hote)
      I/you/he/she/they had not done ->मी/तू/त्याने/तीने/त्यांनी केले होते(mI kele hote)

      Revisit the lesson of positive sentence in past tense to make it clear.

      Delete
  2. Hi Kaushik,
    In the table pertaining to 'Past Continuous tense' as small typo which you may want to correct.
    In the Asane and combined form pertaining to They (pl of He)/Those(m)/These(m) the entries should be न होते and
    नव्हते instead of न होती and नव्हती, right?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. You are right. I changed it now. Thanks for pointing it out.
      Keep learning and keep notifying me of such mistakes.

      Also as I said in previous comment it will be great if you could send me mail on learnmarathifast@gmail.com

      Thanks,
      Kaushik

      Delete

Post a Comment